IEEE standards are most
accepted in the software testing industry. However, it is not mandatory that
all software testing processes have to follow the standard. Software testing
has many different phases but we cover the test planning, test specification and
test reporting phase in this article.
Test plan is the most
important phase in the software testing process. It sets the process rolling
and describes the scope of the testing assignment, the approach methodology,
the resource requirement for testing and the project plan or time schedule. The
test plan outlines the test items, system features testing or checking out the
functionality of the system, the testing tasks, responsibility matrix and the
risks associated with the process. The testing task is achieved by testing
different types of test data. The steps that are followed in system testing are
program testing, string testing, system testing, system documentation and user
acceptance testing. I will discuss about each of these in my next article "Software
System Testing".
Test specification
document helps in refining the test approach that has been planned for
executing the test plan. It identifies the test cases, procedures and the
pass/fail criteria for the assignment. The test case specification document
outlines the actual values required as input parameters in the testing process
and the expected outputs of the testing results. It also identifies the various
constraints related to the test case. It is important to note that test cases
are re-usable components and one test case can be used in various test designs.
The test procedure outlines all the processes that are required to test the
system and implement the test cases.
During the testing phase
all the activities that occur are documented. There are various reasons why
clear documentation is required during testing. It helps the development team
to understand the bugs and fix them quickly. Incase there is a change in the
testing team it will help the new team members to quickly understand the process
and help in a quick transition. The overall summary report of the testing
process helps the entire project team to understand the initial flaws in design
and development and ensure that the same errors are not repeated again. There
are four types of testing documents. The transmittal report which specifies the
testing events being transmitted from the development team to the testing team,
the test log which is a very important document and used to document the events
that happened during execution, test incident report which has a list of
testing events that requires further investigation and the test summary report
which summarizes the overall testing activities.
Many software testing
companies follow the IEEE standard of software testing when executing their
testing projects. Software application development companies may have their own
testing templates which they use for their testing requirements. Outsourcing
the testing requirements to a third party vendor helps in improving the quality
of the software to the great extent. Also an unbiased view helps to find out
the many different loopholes that are existent in the software system.
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